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Submits a signed legacy, EIP-2930, or EIP-1559 transaction with predicates that control when Base can include it. EIP-1559 is recommended.
This method is available on Base Mainnet and Base Sepolia through the sequencer endpoints listed in Connect to Base, and on Vibenet.

Parameters

Pass two parameters. The first is a signed, serialized transaction. The second contains a non-empty validity array. The validity array must include a block_number predicate with an upper bound (<, <=, or =). The last block it allows must be no earlier than the block being built and within 60 seconds of submission. See Expiry. The block number in this example is a placeholder. Before you submit, call eth_blockNumber and use the latest block number plus 10, as a 0x-prefixed hexadecimal string.

Predicates

The supported operators are <, <=, =, !=, >, and >=. Predicate values use 0x-prefixed hexadecimal strings. The mask defaults to all ones.
The flashblock_index predicate type is no longer supported. The field remains in the request format for compatibility, but the method rejects any request that includes it with the error flashblock_index predicates are not supported after Denim: blocks are built every 200ms without flashblocks. Use block_number to bound inclusion.

Limits

In base/base v1.4.2, the node accepts up to 64 predicates per transaction by default. Treat this as an implementation default, not a stable API guarantee. The method rejects a request with more predicates than the limit. Each transaction also needs a block_number expiry. Read Expiry for expiry rules. These docs do not yet specify a separate storage-read cost or limit for storage predicates. They also do not specify whether validity transactions propagate to other nodes. Do not depend on either behavior.

Returns

string
The 32-byte hash of the submitted transaction.
Returning a hash confirms acceptance. It does not confirm inclusion.

Errors

The method returns JSON-RPC errors. Handle an unavailable method, invalid parameters, and a missing transaction hash. Error codes and messages are not yet stable. Read Predicates and Safety for evaluation rules. Read Troubleshooting when a transaction is not included.